The International Classification of Headache Disorders
2. [G44.2] Tension-type headache (TTH)
3. [G44.0] Cluster headache and other trigeminal autonomic cephalalgias
4. [G44.80] Other primary headaches
5. [G44.88] Headache attributed to head and/or neck trauma
6. [G44.81] Headache attributed to cranial or cervical vascular disorder
7. [G44.82] Headache attributed to non-vascular intracranial disorder
8. [G44.4 or G44.83] Headache attributed to a substance2 or its withdrawal
9. Headache attributed to infection
10. [G44.882] Headache attributed to disorder of homoeostasis
11. [G44.84] Headache or facial pain attributed to disorder of cranium, neck, eyes, ears, nose, sinuses, teeth, mouth or other facial or cranial structures
12. [R51] Headache attributed to psychiatric disorder
13. [G44.847, G44.848 Cranial neuralgias and central causes of facial pain or G44.85]
14. [R51] Other headache, cranial neuralgia, central or primary facial pain
————–
IHS ICHD-II code | WHO ICD-10NA code | Diagnosis [and aetiological ICD-10 code for secondary headache disorders] |
Classification and WHO ICD-10NA Codes
1. [G43] Migraine
1.1 [G43.0] Migraine without aura
1.2 [G43.1] Migraine with aura
1.2.1 [G43.10] Typical aura with migraine headache
1.2.2 [G43.10] Typical aura with non-migraine headache
1.2.3 [G43.104] Typical aura without headache
1.2.4 [G43.105] Familial hemiplegic migraine (FHM)
1.2.5 [G43.105] Sporadic hemiplegic migraine
1.2.6 [G43.103] Basilar-type migraine
1.3 [G43.82] Childhood periodic syndromes that are commonly precursors of migraine
1.3.1 [G43.82] Cyclical vomiting
1.3.2 [G43.820] Abdominal migraine
1.3.3 [G43.821] Benign paroxysmal vertigo of childhood
1.4 [G43.81] Retinal migraine
1.5 [G43.3] Complications of migraine
1.5.1 [G43.3] Chronic migraine
1.5.2 [G43.2] Status migrainosus
1.5.3 [G43.3] Persistent aura without infarction
1.5.4 [G43.3] Migrainous infarction
1.5.5 [G43.3] + Migraine-triggered seizure [G40.x or G41.x]1
1.6 [G43.83] Probable migraine
1.6.1 [G43.83] Probable migraine without aura
1.6.2 [G43.83] Probable migraine with aura
1.6.5 [G43.83] Probable chronic migraine
2. [G44.2] Tension-type headache (TTH)
2.1 [G44.2] Infrequent episodic tension-type headache
2.1.1 [G44.20] Infrequent episodic tension-type headache associated with pericranial tenderness
2.1.2 [G44.21] Infrequent episodic tension-type headache not associated with pericranial tenderness
2.2 [G44.2] Frequent episodic tension-type headache
2.2.1 [G44.20] Frequent episodic tension-type headache associated with pericranial tenderness
2.2.2 [G44.21] Frequent episodic tension-type headache not associated with pericranial tenderness
2.3 [G44.2] Chronic tension-type headache
2.3.1 [G44.22] Chronic tension-type headache associated with pericranial tenderness
2.3.2 [G44.23] Chronic tension-type headache not associated with pericranial tenderness
2.4 [G44.28] Probable tension-type headache
2.4.1 [G44.28] Probable infrequent episodic tension-type headache
2.4.2 [G44.28] Probable frequent episodic tension-type headache
2.4.3 [G44.28] Probable chronic tension-type headache
3. [G44.0] Cluster headache and other trigeminal autonomic cephalalgias
3.1 [G44.0] Cluster headache
3.1.1 [G44.01] Episodic cluster headache
3.1.2 [G44.02] Chronic cluster headache
3.2 [G44.03] Paroxysmal hemicrania
3.2.1 [G44.03] Episodic paroxysmal hemicrania
3.2.2 [G44.03] Chronic paroxysmal hemicrania (CPH)
3.3 [G44.08] Short-lasting Unilateral Neuralgiform headache attacks with Conjunctival injection and Tearing (SUNCT)
3.4 [G44.08] Probable trigeminal autonomic cephalalgia
3.4.1 [G44.08] Probable cluster headache
3.4.2 [G44.08] Probable paroxysmal hemicrania
3.4.3 [G44.08] Probable SUNCT
4. [G44.80] Other primary headaches
4.1 [G44.800] Primary stabbing headache
4.2 [G44.803] Primary cough headache
4.3 [G44.804] Primary exertional headache
4.4 [G44.805] Primary headache associated with sexual activity
4.4.1 [G44.805] Preorgasmic headache
4.4.2 [G44.805] Orgasmic headache
4.5 [G44.80] Hypnic headache
4.6 [G44.80] Primary thunderclap headache
4.7 [G44.80] Hemicrania continua
4.8 [G44.2] New daily-persistent headache (NDPH)
5. [G44.88] Headache attributed to head and/or neck trauma
5.1 [G44.880] Acute post-traumatic headache
5.1.1 [G44.880] Acute post-traumatic headache attributed to moderate or severe head injury [S06]
5.1.2 [G44.880] Acute post-traumatic headache attributed to mild head injury [S09.9]
5.2 [G44.3] Chronic post-traumatic headache
5.2.1 [G44.30] Chronic post-traumatic headache attributed to moderate or severe head injury [S06]
5.2.2 [G44.31] Chronic post-traumatic headache attributed to mild head injury [S09.9]
5.3 [G44.841] Acute headache attributed to whiplash injury [S13.4]
5.4 [G44.841] Chronic headache attributed to whiplash injury [S13.4]
5.5 [G44.88] Headache attributed to traumatic intracranial haematoma
5.5.1 [G44.88] Headache attributed to epidural haematoma [S06.4]
5.5.2 [G44.88] Headache attributed to subdural haematoma [S06.5]
5.6 [G44.88] Headache attributed to other head and/or neck trauma [S06]
5.6.1 [G44.88] Acute headache attributed to other head and/or neck trauma [S06]
5.6.2 [G44.88] Chronic headache attributed to other head and/or neck trauma [S06]
5.7 [G44.88] Post-craniotomy headache
5.7.1 [G44.880] Acute post-craniotomy headache
5.7.2 [G44.30] Chronic post-craniotomy headache
6. [G44.81] Headache attributed to cranial or cervical vascular disorder
6.1 [G44.810] Headache attributed to ischaemic stroke or transient ischaemic attack
6.1.1 [G44.810] Headache attributed to ischaemic stroke (cerebral infarction) [I63]
6.1.2 [G44.810] Headache attributed to transient ischaemic attack (TIA) [G45]
6.2 [G44.810] Headache attributed to non-traumatic intracranial haemorrhage [I62]
6.2.1 [G44.810] Headache attributed to intracerebral haemorrhage [I61]
6.2.2 [G44.810] Headache attributed to subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) [I60]
6.3 [G44.811] Headache attributed to unruptured vascular malformation [Q28]
6.3.1 [G44.811] Headache attributed to saccular aneurysm [Q28.3]
6.3.2 [G44.811] Headache attributed to arteriovenous malformation (AVM) [Q28.2]
6.3.3 [G44.811] Headache attributed to dural arteriovenous fistula [I67.1]
6.3.4 [G44.811] Headache attributed to cavernous angioma [D18.0]
6.3.5 [G44.811] Headache attributed to encephalotrigeminal or leptomeningeal angiomatosis (Sturge Weber syndrome) [Q85.8]
6.4 [G44.812] Headache attributed to arteritis [M31]
6.4.1 [G44.812] Headache attributed to giant cell arteritis (GCA) [M31.6]
6.4.2 [G44.812] Headache attributed to primary central nervous system (CNS) angiitis [I67.7]
6.4.3 [G44.812] Headache attributed to secondary central nervous system (CNS) angiitis [I68.2]
6.5 [G44.810] Carotid or vertebral artery pain [I63.0, I63.2, I65.0, I65.2 or I67.0]
6.5.1 [G44.810] Headache or facial or neck pain attributed to arterial dissection [I67.0]
6.5.2 [G44.814] Post-endarterectomy headache [I97.8]
6.5.3 [G44.810] Carotid angioplasty headache
6.5.4 [G44.810] Headache attributed to intracranial endovascular procedures
6.5.5 [G44.810] Angiography headache
6.6 [G44.810] Headache attributed to cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) [I63.6]
6.7 [G44.81] Headache attributed to other intracranial vascular disorder
6.7.1 [G44.81] Cerebral Autosomal Dominant Arteriopathy with Subcortical Infarcts and Leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL) [I67.8]
6.7.2 [G44.81] Mitochondrial Encephalopathy, Lactic Acidosis and Stroke-like episodes (MELAS) [G31.81]
6.7.3 [G44.81] Headache attributed to benign angiopathy of the central nervous system [I99]
6.7.4 [G44.81] Headache attributed to pituitary apoplexy [E23.6]
7. [G44.82] Headache attributed to non-vascular intracranial disorder
7.1 [G44.820] Headache attributed to high cerebrospinal fluid pressure
7.1.1 [G44.820] Headache attributed to idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) [G93.2]
7.1.2 [G44.820] Headache attributed to intracranial hypertension secondary to metabolic, toxic or hormonal causes
7.1.3 [G44.820] Headache attributed to intracranial hypertension secondary to hydrocephalus [G91.8]
7.2 [G44.820] Headache attributed to low cerebrospinal fluid pressure
7.2.1 [G44.820] Post-dural puncture headache [G97.0]
7.2.2 [G44.820] CSF fistula headache [G96.0]
7.2.3 [G44.820] Headache attributed to spontaneous (or idiopathic) low CSF pressure
7.3 [G44.82] Headache attributed to non-infectious inflammatory disease
7.3.1 [G44.823] Headache attributed to neurosarcoidosis [D86.8]
7.3.2 [G44.823] Headache attributed to aseptic (non-infectious) meningitis [code to specify aetiology]
7.3.3 [G44.823] Headache attributed to other non-infectious inflammatory disease [code to specify aetiology]
7.3.4 [G44.82] Headache attributed to lymphocytic hypophysitis [E23.6]
7.4 [G44.822] Headache attributed to intracranial neoplasm [C00-D48]
7.4.1 [G44.822] Headache attributed to increased intracranial pressure or hydrocephalus caused by neoplasm [code to specify neoplasm]
7.4.2 [G44.822] Headache attributed directly to neoplasm [code to specify neoplasm]
7.4.3 [G44.822] Headache attributed to carcinomatous meningitis [C79.3]
7.4.4 [G44.822] Headache attributed to hypothalamic or pituitary hyper- or hyposecretion [E23.0]
7.5 [G44.824] Headache attributed to intrathecal injection [G97.8]
7.6 [G44.82] Headache attributed to epileptic seizure [G40.x or G41.x to specify seizure type]
7.6.1 [G44.82] Hemicrania epileptica [G40.x or G41.x to specify seizure type]
7.6.2 [G44.82] Post-seizure headache [G40.x or G41.x to specify seizure type]
7.7 [G44.82] Headache attributed to Chiari malformation type I (CM1) [Q07.0]
7.8 [G44.82] Syndrome of transient Headache and Neurological Deficits with cerebrospinal fluid Lymphocytosis (HaNDL)
7.9 [G44.82] Headache attributed to other non-vascular intracranial disorder
8. [G44.4 or G44.83] Headache attributed to a substance2 or its withdrawal
8.1 [G44.40] Headache induced by acute substance use or exposure
8.1.1 [G44.400] Nitric oxide (NO) donor-induced headache [X44]
8.1.1.1 [G44.400] Immediate NO donor-induced headache [X44]
8.1.1.2 [G44.400] Delayed NO donor-headache [X44]
8.1.2 [G44.40] Phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitor-induced headache [X44]
8.1.3 [G44.402] Carbon monoxide-induced headache [X47]
8.1.4 [G44.83] Alcohol-induced headache [F10]
8.1.4.1 [G44.83] Immediate alcohol-induced headache [F10]
8.1.4.2 [G44.83] Delayed alcohol-induced headache [F10]
8.1.5 [G44.4] Headache induced by food components and additives
8.1.5.1 [G44.401] Monosodium glutamate-induced headache [X44]
8.1.6 [G44.83] Cocaine-induced headache [F14]
8.1.7 [G44.83] Cannabis-induced headache [F12]
8.1.8 [G44.40] Histamine-induced headache [X44]
8.1.8.1 [G44.40] Immediate histamine-induced headache [X44]
8.1.8.2 [G44.40] Delayed histamine-induced headache [X44]
8.1.9 [G44.40] Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP)-induced headache [X44]
8.1.9.1 [G44.40] Immediate CGRP-induced headache [X44]
8.1.9.2 [G44.40] Delayed CGRP-induced headache [X44]
8.1.10 [G44.41] Headache as an acute adverse event attributed to medication used for other indications [code to specify substance]
8.1.11 [G44.4 or G44.83] Headache induced by other acute substance use or exposure [code to specify substance]
8.2 [G44.41 or G44.83] Medication-overuse headache (MOH)
8.2.1 [G44.411] Ergotamine-overuse headache [Y52.5]
8.2.2 [G44.41] Triptan-overuse headache
8.2.3 [G44.410] Analgesic-overuse headache [F55.2]
8.2.4 [G44.83] Opioid-overuse headache [F11.2]
8.2.5 [G44.410] Combination medication-overuse headache [F55.2]
8.2.6 [G44.410] Headache attributed to other medication overuse [code to specify substance]
8.2.7 [G44.41 or G44.83] Probable medication-overuse headache [code to specify substance]
8.3 [G44.4] Headache as an adverse event attributed to chronic medication [code to specify substance]
8.3.1 [G44.418] Exogenous hormone-induced headache [Y42.4]
8.4 [G44.83] Headache attributed to substance withdrawal
8.4.1 [G44.83] Caffeine-withdrawal headache [F15.3]
8.4.2 [G44.83] Opioid-withdrawal headache [F11.3]
8.4.3 [G44.83] Oestrogen-withdrawal headache [Y42.4]
8.4.4 [G44.83] Headache attributed to withdrawal from chronic use of other substances [code to specify substance]
9. Headache attributed to infection
9.1 [G44.821] Headache attributed to intracranial infection [G00-G09]
9.1.1 [G44.821] Headache attributed to bacterial meningitis [G00.9]
9.1.2 [G44.821] Headache attributed to lymphocytic meningitis [G03.9]
9.1.3 [G44.821] Headache attributed to encephalitis [G04.9]
9.1.4 [G44.821] Headache attributed to brain abscess [G06.0]
9.1.5 [G44.821] Headache attributed to subdural empyema [G06.2]
9.2 [G44.881] Headache attributed to systemic infection [A00-B97]
9.2.1 [G44.881] Headache attributed to systemic bacterial infection [code to specify aetiology]
9.2.2 [G44.881] Headache attributed to systemic viral infection [code to specify aetiology]
9.2.3 [G44.881] Headache attributed to other systemic infection [code to specify aetiology]
9.3 [G44.821] Headache attributed to HIV/AIDS [B22]
9.4 [G44.821 or Chronic post-infection headache [code to specify aetiology] G44.881]
9.4.1 [G44.821] Chronic post-bacterial meningitis headache [G00.9]
10. [G44.882] Headache attributed to disorder of homoeostasis
10.1 [G44.882] Headache attributed to hypoxia and/or hypercapnia
10.1.1 [G44.882] High-altitude headache [W94]
10.1.2 [G44.882] Diving headache
10.1.3 [G44.882] Sleep apnoea headache [G47.3]
10.2 [G44.882] Dialysis headache [Y84.1]
10.3 [G44.813] Headache attributed to arterial hypertension [I10]
10.3.1 [G44.813] Headache attributed to phaeochromocytoma [D35.0 (benign) or C74.1 (malignant)]
10.3.2 [G44.813] Headache attributed to hypertensive crisis without hypertensive encephalopathy [I10]
10.3.3 [G44.813] Headache attributed to hypertensive encephalopathy [I67.4]
10.3.4 [G44.813] Headache attributed to pre-eclampsia [O13-O14]
10.3.5 [G44.813] Headache attributed to eclampsia [O15]
10.3.6 [G44.813] Headache attributed to acute pressor response to an exogenous agent [code to specify aetiology]
10.4 [G44.882] Headache attributed to hypothyroidism [E03.9]
10.5 [G44.882] Headache attributed to fasting [T73.0]
10.6 [G44.882] Cardiac cephalalgia [code to specify aetiology]
10.7 [G44.882] Headache attributed to other disorder of homoeostasis [code to specify aetiology]
11. [G44.84] Headache or facial pain attributed to disorder of cranium, neck, eyes, ears, nose, sinuses, teeth, mouth or other facial or cranial structures
11.1 [G44.840] Headache attributed to disorder of cranial bone [M80-M89.8]
11.2 [G44.841] Headache attributed to disorder of neck [M99]
11.2.1 [G44.841] Cervicogenic headache [M99]
11.2.2 [G44.842] Headache attributed to retropharyngeal tendonitis [M79.8]
11.2.3 [G44.841] Headache attributed to craniocervical dystonia [G24]
11.3 [G44.843] Headache attributed to disorder of eyes
11.3.1 [G44.843] Headache attributed to acute glaucoma [H40]
11.3.2 [G44.843] Headache attributed to refractive errors [H52]
11.3.3 [G44.843] Headache attributed to heterophoria or heterotropia (latent or manifest squint) [H50.3-H50.5]
11.3.4 [G44.843] Headache attributed to ocular inflammatory disorder [code to specify aetiology]
11.4 [G44.844] Headache attributed to disorder of ears [H60-H95]
11.5 [G44.845] Headache attributed to rhinosinusitis [J01]
11.6 [G44.846] Headache attributed to disorder of teeth, jaws or related structures [K00- K14]
11.7 [G44.846] Headache or facial pain attributed to temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorder [K07.6]
11.8 [G44.84] Headache attributed to other disorder of cranium, neck, eyes, ears, nose, sinuses, teeth, mouth or other facial or cervical structures [code to specify aetiology]
12. [R51] Headache attributed to psychiatric disorder
12.1 [R51] Headache attributed to somatisation disorder [F45.0]
12.2 [R51] Headache attributed to psychotic disorder [code to specify aetiology]
13. [G44.847, G44.848 Cranial neuralgias and central causes of facial pain or G44.85]
13.1 [G44.847] Trigeminal neuralgia 13.1.1 [G44.847] Classical trigeminal neuralgia [G50.00]
13.1.2 [G44.847] Symptomatic trigeminal neuralgia [G53.80] + [code to specify aetiology]
13.2 [G44.847] Glossopharyngeal neuralgia
13.2.1 [G44.847] Classical glossopharyngeal neuralgia [G52.10]
13.2.2 [G44.847] Symptomatic glossopharyngeal neuralgia [G53.830] + [code to specify aetiology]
13.3 [G44.847] Nervus intermedius neuralgia [G51.80]
13.4 [G44.847] Superior laryngeal neuralgia [G52.20]
13.5 [G44.847] Nasociliary neuralgia [G52.80]
13.6 [G44.847] Supraorbital neuralgia [G52.80]
13.7 [G44.847] Other terminal branch neuralgias [G52.80]
13.8 [G44.847] Occipital neuralgia [G52.80]
13.9 [G44.851] Neck-tongue syndrome
13.10 [G44.801] External compression headache
13.11 [G44.802] Cold-stimulus headache
13.11.1 [G44.8020] Headache attributed to external application of a cold stimulus
13.11.2 [G44.8021] Headache attributed to ingestion or inhalation of a cold stimulus
13.12 [G44.848] Constant pain caused by compression, irritation or distortion of cranial nerves or upper cervical roots by structural lesions [G53.8] + [code to specify aetiology]
13.13 [G44.848] Optic neuritis [H46]
13.14 [G44.848] Ocular diabetic neuropathy [E10-E14]
13.15 [G44.881 or Head or facial pain attributed to herpes zoster G44.847]
13.15.1 [G44.881] Head or facial pain attributed to acute herpes zoster [B02.2]
13.15.2 [G44.847] Post-herpetic neuralgia [B02.2]
13.16 [G44.850] Tolosa-Hunt syndrome
13.17 [G43.80] Ophthalmoplegic ‘migraine’
13.18 [G44.810 or Central causes of facial pain G44.847]
13.18.1 [G44.847] Anaesthesia dolorosa [G52.800] + [code to specify aetiology]
13.18.2 [G44.810] Central post-stroke pain [G46.21]
13.18.3 [G44.847] Facial pain attributed to multiple sclerosis [G35]
13.18.4 [G44.847] Persistent idiopathic facial pain [G50.1]
13.18.5 [G44.847] Burning mouth syndrome [code to specify aetiology]
13.19 [G44.847] Other cranial neuralgia or other centrally mediated facial pain [code to specify aetiology]
14. [R51] Other headache, cranial neuralgia, central or primary facial pain
14.1 [R51] Headache not elsewhere classified
14.2 [R51] Headache unspecified
1The additional code specifies the type of seizure.
2
In ICD-10 substances are classified according to the presence or absence of a dependence-producing property. Headaches associated with psychoactive substances (dependence-producing) are classified in G44.83 with an additional code to indicate the nature of the disorder related to the substance use: eg, intoxication (F1x.0), dependence (F1x.2), withdrawal (F1x.3), etc. The 3rd character can be used to indicate the specific substance involved: eg, F10 for alcohol, F15 for caffeine, etc. Abuse of non-dependence-producing substances is classified in F55, with a 4th character to indicate the substance: eg, F55.2 abuse of analgesics. Headaches related to non-dependence-producing substances are classified in G44.4.
B. Piechowski-Jozwiak
G. Devuyst
J. Bogousslavsky
Department of Neurology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne , Switzerland;
Department of Neurology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw , Poland
Cerebrovasc Dis 2006;22:91–100
DOI: 10.1159/000093236